Elder - Sambucus nigra

Elderberry has been a part of human life since prehistoric times. Seeds found during archaeological excavations attest to its long history, while the Greeks and Romans already attributed numerous health benefits to it. Rich in polyphenols, vitamins, flavonoids, and fiber, it is traditionally used to support the body’s natural defenses, relieve respiratory infections, and promote the elimination of toxins. Even today, the flowers are enjoyed in syrups, herbal teas, lemonade, or fritters, while the berries are used to make jams and syrups. However, the berries must be fully ripe or cooked to eliminate the compounds that can cause digestive upset.

Beyond its practical uses, the elderberry holds a special place in European folk traditions. Sometimes regarded as the tree of fairies, sometimes associated with witches or death, it embodies the balance between protection and danger. In many regions, it was believed that a female spirit inhabited its trunk and that one had to ask her permission before cutting down the tree. Other legends attributed to it the power to protect homes, ward off evil spells, or even facilitate the passage between the world of the living and that of the dead. This rich symbolism, combined with its medicinal and culinary qualities, explains why the elderberry continues to fascinate both botanists and enthusiasts of folk traditions alike.

Elder has numerous medicinal properties; from its leaves to its flowers, fruits, and inner bark, a single shrub contains a wealth of active compounds. It should be used with caution and in the correct dosages, as poisoning is a real risk. Any use of medicinal plants requires expert advice; elderberry underscores this due to the diversity of its effects, which vary depending on the parts of the plant used and their condition—whether fresh, dried, or cooked. As a general guide—and this list is by no means exhaustive—elderberry acts as a purgative, diuretic, sudorific, antirheumatic, pectoral, dermatological, analgesic, and wound-healing agent; an infusion of the dried flowers is used as eye drops. It can be used internally—as herbal teas or decoctions—or externally, as a poultice. Simply and safely, crushed leaves can be used to soothe insect bites.

Recipe: Crêpes with elderflowers

Simply add elderflowers to your usual crêpe dough.